Honey Bees in Florida

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are among the most important pollinators in the world, playing a vital role in ecosystems and agriculture. Known for their intricate social structures and honey production, these insects live in highly organized colonies that can persist for years. Understanding their behaviors and nesting habits can help you identify honey bees and coexist with them safely.

What Do Honey Bees Look Like?

Queen honey bees are slightly larger than male honey bees, also known as drones. Worker honey bees, the most common colony members, are about 1/2 inch long with golden-brown bodies featuring black and pale orange or yellow bands on their abdomens. They have six legs, two pairs of translucent wings, and a pair of segmented antennae. 

Queens are distinguished by their longer, more tapered abdomens, while drones are bulkier with rounded abdomens and no stingers. The bees’ dense hair-like structures help them collect pollen during foraging trips. This makes them vital to pollination.

Signs of a Honey Bee Infestation

The presence of honey bees is usually indicated by a constant buzzing sound or seeing bees flying in and out of a single location. Honey bee nests may be found in trees, walls, chimneys, or attics, where they build wax combs to store honey and house their colony. 

Another sign includes honey dripping from walls or ceilings, which could mean a hidden nest inside your property. Swarming activity, where groups of bees move together to find a new nesting site, is another obvious sign of honey bee presence. Keeping this in mind will help with honey bee identification and spotting their nests.

Habitat, Diet, Life Cycle & Behaviors

Honey bees are adaptable insects that thrive in a variety of environments, from natural landscapes to urban areas.

Where Do Honey Bees Live?

Honey bees are found all over the nation and pollinate more than 100 types of crops. They often build their nests in tree crevices, but will occasionally build nests in attics or chimneys. They are most visible in summer and late spring when new queens leave their old colonies along with thousands of workers to build new nests in tree hollows or crevices. At this time, large groups of bees can be seen swarming together to find a new nesting place. It takes a swarm approximately 24 hours to locate a new nesting site.

Honey bees can also be kept in an apiary, which is anywhere beehives are kept for honey production and honey bee conservation. Trained beekeepers ensure the honey bees remain healthy and productive while collecting the honeycombs they produce.

While most swarms are harmless, certain species of bees, like the Africanized honey bee, are extremely aggressive and may attack unprovoked.

Diet

Honey bees feed on nectar and pollen collected from flowering plants, collected using pollen baskets. These are small structures on the hind legs of the honey bees. Nectar provides them with carbohydrates for energy. The pollen supplies essential proteins and nutrients needed for growth and development.

The collected nectar is processed into honey, which serves as a food source for the colony during colder months when flowers are scarce. Honey bees also sustain themselves on bee bread, a combination of bee pollen, nectar, and saliva. Larvae and queen bees are also fed royal jelly, a milky substance made from pollen which is secreted through glands in their heads. Worker bees play an important role in gathering these resources to sustain the hive.

Life Cycle

The honey bee life cycle consists of four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. A queen lays eggs in individual wax cells in the hive, and depending on the diet fed to the larvae, they develop into workers, drones, or queens. Worker bees live for approximately six weeks during peak foraging season, while queens can live for several years. Drones, whose primary role is to mate with queens, die shortly after mating. The cycle continues year-round in warmer climates like Florida, with peak activity occurring in spring and summer.

Behaviors

Africanized honey bees and European honey bees are two of the most common species of bees found in Florida. The Africanized bees are much more aggressive. Honey bees are highly social and organized insects. Worker bees perform specific tasks such as foraging for food, caring for the young, and protecting the hive.

Honey bees make use of ocelli – three eyes on their head that can only detect light – to orientate themselves towards the sun and navigate. They communicate through movements known as the “waggle dance,” which helps other bees locate food sources. Honey bees also release pheromones through multiple glands to communicate and help recruit bees to the hive.

They are most active during the day and return to their hives at night. During swarming, honey bees temporarily group together while scouting for a new nest location. Despite their cooperative nature, honey bees will defend their colony if they feel threatened.

Are Honey Bees Dangerous?

As with the mud dauber wasp, honey bees can sting but are unlikely to do so. Only female bees are capable of stinging and are not likely to sting when foraging for nectar and pollen in the backyard. They can also only sting once. Bee stings generally happen when these docile bees are provoked or accidentally crushed. The stinger of the honey bee, having barbs, will remain in the skin unless physically removed.

Removing the stinger as quickly as possible is the most important thing. The method of removing the stinger, either grasping with fingers, tweezers, or scraping from the skin, is up to the individual. Honey bee stings are quite painful and even life-threatening to a small percentage of people who are allergic to venom. If a honey bee nest is suspected on your property, it is always best to contact a professional bee removal company like Florida Pest Control.

How to Get Rid of Honey Bees?

The safest and most effective way to remove honey bees is to contact a professional bee removal service. Experts can safely relocate the bees and their hives without causing harm to the colony. Attempting to remove bees yourself can be dangerous and may provoke the hive. Avoid using pesticides, as they are harmful to honey bee populations, which are essential pollinators. If you notice a nest on your property, keep a safe distance and refrain from disturbing the bees.

Honey Bee Prevention Tips

To prevent honey bees from nesting on your property, seal cracks and crevices in walls, chimneys, and attics. Remove potential nesting sites such as hollow trees or unused equipment. Planting flowers at a distance from your home can encourage bees to forage away from living spaces. Regularly inspect your property for signs of bee activity and address any infestations promptly by contacting a professional.

Need Help With Bees, Wasps, or Hornets?

If you’re dealing with honey bees, wasps, or hornets on your property, Florida Pest Control can help. Contact us today for professional pest control solutions tailored to your needs.

FAQs

Can honey bees sting?

Yes, honey bees can sting, but only female worker bees are capable of stinging. Honey bees usually sting when provoked or threatened. After stinging, the bee’s barbed stinger remains in the skin, and the bee dies shortly afterward.

Are honey bees endangered?

Honey bees are not officially endangered, but their populations face significant threats from habitat loss, pesticides, climate change, and diseases like colony collapse disorder. Efforts are being made globally to protect and support honey bee populations.

Why do honey bees swarm?

Honey bees swarm when their colony becomes too large for its current hive. This natural process allows the colony to split, with the old queen bee and a group of worker bees leaving to establish a new nest. Swarms are often seen in spring and early summer.

Are honey bees native to North America?

No, honey bees are not native to North America. European settlers brought them over in the 17th century. Native bees, such as bumblebees, have coexisted with honey bees since their introduction.

Are honey bees aggressive?

Honey bees are generally docile and not aggressive unless provoked or their nest or hive is threatened. They are focused on foraging for nectar and pollen and rarely sting unless they feel endangered.